ZOLAI SIMBU (THE ZOLAI OWL)
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Articles - Zomi Section
Friday, 11 September 2009 09:50
- Pa T. Suan Khan Mang
Thupatna :
Zogam ah Zolai i zatzawh tu-in kum sawm sagih hong cing ta hi.
Tua ahih manin khang khat bang pha ta a, i Zolai pen a picin mahmah hun ding hong tung ta hi. Zagamah Zolai a kisin pat kumleh a kha a thei kha zong tampitak nungta lai hi. Khangluite in lai tawh thu ciptehna nana bawl lo uh ahihmanin, tulai taka kum60 gual leh a tungsiahte in a suah kumle khate a kicianin thei lo uh hi. Lai kician lai gina a neite inminampicing suak uh a, eite zong i lai a thupisim, a thupibawl i suah nadingin i Zolai simbu thupizia i theih tek ding kisamhi.
Laibu inminamkhat ahih kei leh gamkhat ii ginatna, hoihna, ngeina lam leh lai lam khantohna tuamtuam hong kilangsak hi. Zomite in laibu i hau nai het kei hi. Kumpi sungah Zolai simbu tan li ciang bek kisin a, sang lai simbu adang tuamtuam i nei zo nai kei hi. Biakna lamte hong hat-in, i neihloh a kiphamawh Lai Siangtho leh Labute banah Lai Siangtho tawh kisai adang hilhcianbu tuamtuam leh thukizakna laihawmtuamtuamhong bawlkhia zo uh a, lungdamhuai mahmah hi.
Zomite in a beisa hun lai in lai i na neihloh manin kum1850A.D ma a thute bang pen upmawh vive tawh kigen ahi hi. Tua nunglam tangthu zongMikangmi, Zogama gamkeekmasate ahi Pu H.NTuck leh Bertram S. Carey-te in ?The Chin Hills? cih laibu sungah a na ciaptehsakmanin a kithei zo thu tampi omhi.Tua ahihmaninlai i neih i khuaphawk a kipan Zogamah ki-ukna, cidamna, ngeina, biakna leh lokhawhna thute a kipan thu tuamtuamte akum akumin ciaptehhuai mahmah hi. Zolai simbu i neih zong Zomite adingin thumuhna leh khantohna namkhat hong suak ahihmanin Zolai simbu ii tangthu ka kanzawh tantan kong gelhkhia hi.
Pu Pau Cin Hau Lai :
Zomite in tulai takinRoman laimal zangin Zolai i at zenzen hangin ei sungmahmah panin lai na kinei ahih manin a angtanhuai mahmah thu khat ahi hi. Tua pen tulai takin Pu Pau Cin Hau lai kici a, Laipian Pau Cin Hau pawlte in a zang uh hi.
Kum 1896 - 98 kikal hun sungin, Tedimkhuapi a suak, Lailui khua a teng ?Laipian Pu Pau Cin Hau? in Sen (Chinese) lai bangin laimal khat kammal khat a suak laimal 1051 tawh ZO TUAL LAI nana phuak in tan guk ciang dong na omsak hi.
(a) Tan khatna bu Ii bu laimal 168
(b) Tan nihna buMin bu liamal 171
(c) Tan thumna Dongleng bu laimal 156
(d) Tan lina Lunsia bu laimal 246
(e) Tan ngana Thatuk bu laimal 146
(f) Tan gukna Thuamzung bu laimal 164 Laimal buppi 1051
Mang Zo Lai :
Kum 1896 tak ciangin Mikang mi ahi Surgeon Major A.E.G Newland in Haka lai na phuan masa hi. Amah pen Mikangte? lakah Zomi (Haka) tawh a kiteeng masapen ahi hi. SangmangA.E Carson inMajorNewland hong zomto leuleu a,Tedim, Falam(Laizo) lai,Haka laite a laimal (Romannized Script) tawh hong bawlkhia hi.
Rev. J.H Cope in lai bawl ding a kipat main Tedim kam sinnuam ahih manin, Zagam a Tuiphum Tapidaw suak masa pen Pu Thuam Hang leh Pu Pau Suan-te Haka ah samin, kihilhsak hi. Amaute gel pen Sihzang kampaute hi uh a, Sihzang kam bek pau thei uh ahih manin Sihzang kambek na hilh thei uh hi.Tua ahihmanin Sangmang J.H Cope in Tedim gam sung kam nam tampi lakah Sihzang kama theih masak pen ahi hi. Tua ban ah Zogam sung sangmangte lakah Haka, Laizo, Teizang, Sihzang, Saizang leh Tedim kama a pau thei amah bek om hi. Tua hi a, kum 1908-10 sungin, Cope topa in Tedim(Sihzang) kamtawh laimai 40 a pha (dal sawmnih a dim) laibu khat Haka khua panin na bawlkhia hi.
Tedim gam-a Taangkam ding :
1910 kum-inTedimah Rev. J.HCope a hong omtoh ciangin laibu bawlkhiat ding zong a hong om toto hi. Tedim gam sungah pau nam tuamtuam a om lam hong thei a, bang kampau tawh lai kigelh leh taangzai thei pen ding hiam cih hong ngaihsun hi. Tedim gam (tulai taka Tedim gam & Tonzang gam) sung teng mun khempeuh pha kawikawi a, laibu sunga kampau zat ding tawh kisai inTedimVuandok zumah thu kikupna 1919 kum-in kibawl hi.
Tedim gam buppi Hausa lian teng, Tedim Vuandok zumah a thu kikupna uh, Pu Ngul Lang i ciaptehna pen hih anuaia bang ahi hi:
Hih thu kikupna sungah Sihzang kamzang ding a kicihtak ciangin;
Hiangzang khua hausa Pu Zam Khaw Thang (Thahdo kam zang),Hangken hausa PuKamPum(Thahdo kamzang), Phaitu khua hausa Mantuang namPuKhan Thawng (Zo kamzang), Salzang khua hausa Pu Zaang Khaw Lian (Zo kamzang), Tuimui khau hausa Guite nam PuMang Za Thang (Paite kamzang) leh Haiciin khua hausa Pu Tual Pum(Paite kamzang)-te in Sihzang kamtel kei ung ciin nial uh hi.A tel lo takpi mah uh hiam ciin Sihzang kam tawh kihopih a, tel zolo takpi uh hi. Tua thu kikupna sungah Tedimkama zang diak khua ahi : Tedim, Ngennung, Haupi, Gawngmual, Leilum, Lezang, Tongsial,Lamzang, Lailui,Mawngken, Kahgen,Taaklam, Tonzang,Tungtuan g,Anlang, Gamlai,Khuaimual leh Seitual khua pana taangmi a pai hausa leh upate a pau khat beek omvet loin, Sihzang pau zat ding lah nial lo,Tedim pau zat ding zong kamkupna neihpih tuan lo uh hi.Hih hunin Zogam ukna pen Magwe Menzi khutnuai ah om hi. Hih bang teng
hangin Tedim kam tawh Zolai simbu bawl ding thu khensatna hong om hi.
Hih bangin thukhensatna hang bek tawh Tedim kam pen Tedim gambup ah Taangkam-a a kizang hi loin, Tedimkampen Tedimgam sunga kampau omteng kigawmkhawm a hong piang ahihna Zomi Magazine 1980 kuma kibawl Tg. Askepee? (Pa Sian Khan Pau) i at laimai 89-92 na ah hih bangin na gelh hi.Nidang laiin Ciimnuai piang mite kampau namguk ahi : Teizang kam, Saizang kam, Thahdo kam,Vaiphei kam, Guite kam leh Zo kam paute na teeng khawm uh hi.Amaute in Dawi biakna Tual khat bek zangh uh hi. Hih bang teenkhopna panin pau nam tuam khat piangkhia a, tua pen Tedim
kam(Koine-Tedim) kici tulai-a Zolai simbu kigelh pen ahi hi. Tedim pau ah pau namkim kigawm pen ahih manin Tedim gambup (tulai Tedim leh Tonzang gam kigawm) ah taangkam (common dialect) hong suak hi.
TedimkamtawhZolai simbu khet ding khensatna a omkhit ciangin Rev. J.H Cope in hih anuaia sang lai simbu teng hong bawlkhia hi.
(a) Nate thubu (Gen. Science) bu 4 Tan 1-4
(b) Cidamna thubu (Hygiene) bu 3 Tan 2-4
(c) Ganan bu (Arithmetic) bu 4 Tan 1-4
(d) Zolai simbu (Reader) bu 4 Tan 1-4
Cope topa in laisimbu nam15 hong bawlsak a, hih laisimbute Tedim gambup ah 1924 June sang hon panin kizang toto hi. 1952-53 kum dong a bukim-in kizang kisimto suak a, kum 28 sung Rev. J.H Cope gelhsa laibute kheelna, puahna om lo hi. A kisap leh khetbeh bekin kizangzang hi. 1953 kum June kha sang hon a kipanin Zolai simbu (Reader) teng losiah a bu dang teng kizang nawn loin, Kawllai a kigelh kumpite? geelna bangin (Prescribed Text) kizang ta hi. Cope topa bawlsa Zolai simbu teng 1970-71 dong kizang a, tua ahihmanin 1924 pan 1971 dong kum47 sung puahpha lo, khiamlo, behlap loin kizang to suak hi. 1971 kumin Tan langte? zat ding laisimbu a thak kibawl a, adangteng kizang suaksuak lai hi. Lai simbu a khenkik ding tavuan la omlo ahihmanin 1964 leh 1976 kikal kum12 sung tengTan nih pan Tan li dong Zolai sim bu zat ding om lo hi. Kum 12 sung lai simbu zat ding a omlohna ii guipi pen tulai a khangnote in kithuak hi.
Zogam bup ading Zolai Simbu :
Taw-lan-ye kawngcil (Revolutionary Council) kah zawh ciangin Zogambuppi ah Pautaang deihna tawh Zolai simbu a kithukhat (uniform) ding deihna omngei hi.Tua tawh kizawmin, 1964 kuma kipan Zolai simbu puahphat ding vaihawmna kinei hi. Siapi Pu P.GinKhaw Thang B.A., B.Ed., B.E.S leh Pu Mang Khaw Nang B.A., B.Ed.-te sang lam pan mawhpua zawdeuhin hong semkhia masa uh hi. Tua baan zomin, 1967 kumciangin Siapi Pu Pau Do Nang B.A., B.Ed. in hong zomto leuleu in ChinAffairs Council zum,Haka ah puak dingin Tan lang pan Tan li dong na khenkhia uh hi. 1970 kumciangin Siapi Pa Vungh Cin Thang B.A., (Ed.); B.Ed., B.E.S in tavuan hong la hi.
1964 pan 1970 kum ciang kum 7 sung puahna leh kikupna leh Zogambup Lai simbu kithukhat nading deihna tawh mainawt theina omloin, hunte pammaih takin hong beito hi.Hih hun sunginKawllai mal tawh Zolai gelh ding deihna peuh hong omnenuk se lai hi.
Zolai simbu khatvei puahna :
1970 kumDecember kha tak cianginTan langZolai simbu puahkik
khatveina kinei a, 1971 kumJune kha ciangin kizang pah hi. Lai simbu puahna ah a kihel teng :
1) Pa Vungh Cin Thang B.A., B.Ed., B.E.S.
2) Pa Mang Khaw Nang B.A., B.Ed., (sizo)
3) Pa Dam Khaw Hau B.A. (sizo)
4) Pa Gin Za Kham B.Ag.
5) Pa Theu Za Kap B.A(Ed), B.Ed.
6) Pa Dal Za Khup (Mem. of Chin State People Inspectorate, Haka)
7) Pa Khai Za Kham
8) Pa Tawng Khaw Thang (Sang sia pension)
9) Pa Kam Khan Thang - 3, Ngennung khua
10) Pa L.M. Peter Khup Lam Thang
11) Pa H. Gin En Cin (gec)
12) Pa Kham Go Pau B.Sc. (Zoology)
13) Pa Ngul Khaw Pau
14) Pa Cin Za Thawn Limsuai
15) Pa Cin Khan Vungh Limsuai
16) Pa Let Khan Hang (sizo)-te ahi uh hi.
Tan lang bu ah Sinna (lesson) 21 dong kikoih in Sinna khat sungah laigual giat pan sawmle nih ciang kikoih hi.
Nihvei puahna :
1975 kumciangin Zolai Tan lang bu a nihveina puahphatna kinei kik leuleu hi. Tua a kihel teng :-
1) Pa Lam Za Tinh B.A(Ed.), B.Ed.
2) Pa Vum Za Dal B.A., Dip Ed.
3) Pa Suan Khan Mang B.Sc(Physics) , Dip. Ed.
4) Pa L.M. Peter Khup Lam Mang
5) Pa Thawng Khaw Thang
6) Pa Kam Khan Thang (3) Ngennung
7) Pa H. Gin En Cin -te ahi uh hi.
Tan lang bu bawl na?ngin Sia Khup LamThang tavuan kipia hi. Sia Lam Thang in a limteng block a bawl dingin (1) Tg. Thang Khan Suan (Sakollam), (2) Tg. Sian Za Thawng (Sakollam), (3) Tg.Cin Lian Thang (Myoma)-te limna suaisak hi. Lim suiahsa teng pen Mandalay University a sia sem Pa J. Hang Khan Pau (Tonzang), B.Sc(Geol), GeologyDepartment in block bawl tavuan la hi.Alimte block a bawlna leh laidal haksatna, thu kizakna a gamlatnate hangin 1976 kumsang hon cianga zat dingin kibawlkhia zo pan hi. Hih Tan lang laibu bekbek tawh sumKs. 10,000/- phial bei hi.AsumbulpiKs. 7,000/- kisampen Pa LamZaTinh in kumnih sung taang ding haksatna
tampi kawmkal pan hong zangsak a, hih lai tawh lungdamciaptehna ka bawl hi. Laibu pen Kalaymyo Catholic Press ah Manager Pa Tuang Khan Thang? hanciampihna tawh bu 4,000 kibawl hi. 1976 kumsungin laibuTan khat panTan li dong bawlna sung ah kawmitite? kikupna sawmvei kinei hi.Kikup ciangin thu taktak ahihmah bangin
ni thapaimah kikup in omden hi. Thulu, laigualhzia leha thumahmah kigeel hi. Hih bang hun cianga kihel dente in : Pa Lam Za Tinh, Pa Thawng Khaw Thang, Pa Kam Khan Thang, Pa H. Gin En Cin leh Pa Suan KhanMang-te ahi uh hi. 1976 kum a liveina ah Pa Vum Za Dal hong kihelin, a ngaveina kikupna a kipan PH.LNengKhenThang hong kihel den thei hi.
Hih Zolai simbu bawlna ah Rev. J. H Cope bawlna sunga-te, tu hun tawh kituak lo teng puahphatna leh a om kha lo teng hih anuaia min om teng in a thute hong geel masa uh hi.
a) Pa Kam Khan Thang - Kihutcilna leh i La nam tuamtuamte
b) Pa Vul Za Thang - Ka sanginn thu
c) Dr. Sian Za kam - Ka Bil thu leh ka Ha thu
d) P J. Gin Sian Tuang - Sing kung thu
e) Rev. Hau Lian Kham - Ka nu thu
f) Pa T. Suan Khan Mang -Aksi thu, Kha det, kiam, khan leh Kha liikna thu
g) Rev. S.T Hau Go - Bang i ci gamtat ding hiam?
h) Pa H. Gin En Cin - Nai khau thu, laikhak, Na khempeuh
in hun nei, cikhumthu, limlangh thu, nute patemawhna leh Cope gelh
sa kimkhat puahkikna.
- Munei Thang Dal leh Cing Khup le Ngam Bawm tangthu, Pi Zing Khaw Hau (Lokho zuma Pa Dai Khan Pau nu) tungah dongin, a omsa sangin a kicingzaw in hong puahpha hi.
Kawmiti in a lim ngaihsut mahmah thu :
I tangthu tuanthute amanthan loh nadingin Tan thumlehTan li ah tu lai khua hun tawh kituak ta kei ciin kiguang hi. I sang lai simbu sungah gelh (guang) kei leng atuamin lah kuamah in bawl zo lo ding banah, kikhawng lo lai ding hi. Zolai simbu ah kigelh leh kilei veve ding a, bu 1000 lakah bu nih thumbang kikemleh ni dang teh i tangthu manphate kan nop hun a omciang kan zawh nading cih deihna bulpi ahi hi.
Lai sim bu khetna leh thu tuamtuam :
Tan khat leh Tan nih lai simbu pen bawl khatin kibawl nuamahih manin, sumomlo ahih ciangin, vai khempeuh hong sumit cip pahpah hi.Ahi taktak thu tel lo, kanlote in lai simbu bawltemeet nading na gal tuatsak thei uh hi. Hih nasep pen a sum meet sangin, a uuk ding, a semthei ding kisamhi.
Lai i cih pen utut-a khet theih, gelh theih hi loin a kinai, a kihal,husanna (comma), ngaklang (semi-colon) , ngakna ((colon), tawpna (fullstop), dotna (interrogative) , phawnna (exclamation) , kam-uumna (quatation), thekna (dash), gitphei (hyphen), kualte(brakets) leh taanglak (apostrophe) -te in thupi mahmah hi. Hi ci bangte mi kimin thei lo a, a diakdiakin 1964 pan tu hun ciang donga sangnaupangte in tamtheihloh zawhi.ASangsia in lah thei lo, a sangnaupang in lah thei lo i hihmanin lai-at dan i siamkei pah hi.
Laibu bawl cil 1970 a kipan tuni dong kipel lo a hong suak to den keei, Pa H. Gin En Cin pen eimite adingin minphatna leh pahtawina piakhuai mahmah hi. 1954 kum pan 1970 kum kikal mawhpuak (tavuan) la mel om loin, siate? ading bek a om hun, asawt luatna gu pen tu dongin i suplawh hi.
Hih atung ah i gen thute tawh kizomin laibu bawl Kawmiti (committee) in zong a kingaihsutsut ciangin, a kilawmpen (The rightmen at the right place, in the right time) ding ci-in Pa H. Gin En Cin (gec) pen 22.3.76 ni Kawmiti kikupna (3/76) ah tavuan kipia hi.Aki-aap laitakin Tan khat pan Tan li dong lai peina tawh pei ding, laitui laidal mante tuatsak in laibu man ding Kawmiti in sehsak hi.
Namkim Bu Thu :
1971 kum in DIS asem Pa Vum Za Dal in Tedim gam sung sangnaupangte? omzia a muhnate Tan li sang Siapi (Middle Head) teng tawh kikumin a min vawh nai loh in thu tuamtuam kholkhopna (paunak, la-kam) a kipan hong bawlkhia hi. Pa H.Gin En Cin in ?kammalte?kici kammal thuk nono 350 zong kaihkhopsak hi. PaVum Za Dal in a patkhiatsa lai kaihkhop pen puah toto in, Pa H. Gin En Cin in tavuan hong la hi.Laibu hong bawl a laibumin dinginNAMKIM
BU ciin a min vawh hi. Ka zak tungin hoihsa pah lo napiin tun ka zakzak leh hoihsa in zaknop ka sa semsema, kituak zong ka samahmah hi. Ciangtan nei lo puah tohtoh, behlap tohtoh ding laibu hi ngeitah a eimi adingin a kituakpen laibumin hi takpi khong, ka cici hi. Zomite Almanac, Zomite? Encyclopedia peuh hong hi dekdek hi.
Ciangtan omlo laibu ahihmanin, tu sungin, Pa J Gin Za Tuang, Pa Gin Khat Suan, Pa J. Hang Khan Pau (Tonzang), Pa L.M P Khup LamThang, Pa Pau Cin Thang, Pa Paul Thuam Thang, Pa Go Khan Dal, PaA.S Zam Khan Pau leh Pa H. Suan Kam-te in a at uh Magazine tuamtuam, leh ZCLS pan kha thumsima ahawmkhiatte leh amau? bawlsa laibute sung pan puahpha-in, naupangte bek hi loin, eimi khempeuh adingin inn sima kep den ding pawlin bawlhuai ka sa hi.
Thukhupna
Tu hun a i zat leh Laipianpa Pau Cin Hau bawl Zo Tual laite a piancil pan tu dong (1896-1994) kum98 sung thu kumzalomkhat thu ahih manin thu saupi hong suak hi. Tun zong hih anuaia min kihel tenginTan lang panTan nih dong nihvei etna (nihvei puahkikna) hong nei kik leuleu uh a, 1981 kumin a hampi hong zo uh hi. Committee
teng : 1) Pa Kam Da Thang, Chairman (B.Sc.)
2) Pa Salai Htun Hlaing
3) Pa Kim Za Hau
4) Pa Kam Khan Thang
5) Pa H. Gin En Cin
6) Pa Ngin Suan
7) Rev. Cin Kam
8) Pa Kai Sawm Sing-te ahi uh hi.
I pu i pate? sepkhiatsa, seplai leh sepsuak det ding Zolai
puahpha toto a,GUABANGZUNZUNDING Zosuanmomno khat
ciat iimawhpuak ahi hi.
- (34p. ?Ciimnuai Magazine 1994? Universities of Yangon-te bawl pan kiteikhia hi.)
